The Ultimate Guide to Fishing for Mako Sharks in the USA

As a seasoned angler and outdoor writer with over a decade of experience exploring the waters of the United States, I’ve had the thrill of fishing for mako sharks firsthand. It’s an experience unlike any other – a true test of skill, patience, and respect for these magnificent apex predators. This guide will cover everything you need to know to safely and successfully pursue these incredible fish, from understanding California shark fishing regulations to selecting the right makos bait and tackle. We’ll also delve into the specifics of catching mako sharks and navigating the Florida shark fishing regulations 2022 (and beyond, as regulations change frequently).

Understanding the Mako Shark

Before we dive into the specifics of fishing mako shark, it’s crucial to understand the animal itself. Makos – specifically the Shortfin Mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) – are renowned for their speed, agility, and impressive size. They are among the fastest sharks in the ocean, capable of bursts exceeding 45 mph. This speed, combined with their powerful jaws and sharp teeth, makes them a formidable opponent. They are highly migratory, meaning they travel long distances, and are found in temperate and tropical waters worldwide. Respect for this animal is paramount, and responsible angling practices are essential. You can find more information about mako shark biology and conservation status from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) fisheries.noaa.gov.

Shortfin vs. Longfin Makos

While both species are sought after, the Shortfin Mako is far more common in recreational fisheries. Longfin Makos (Isurus paucus) are rarer and generally found in deeper, colder waters. Shortfins are known for their acrobatic jumps when hooked, providing an exhilarating visual spectacle for anglers. Longfins are less prone to jumping but are still powerful fighters.

Essential Tackle for Mako Shark Fishing

Successfully catching mako sharks requires specialized tackle built to withstand their incredible strength and speed. Don't skimp on quality – your safety and the fish’s well-being depend on it. Here’s a breakdown of the essential components:

• Rod: A heavy-duty, stand-up rod, typically 5’6” to 7’ long, with a line class of 80-130 lb.
• Reel: A two-speed lever drag reel capable of holding at least 500 yards of 130 lb test braided line.
• Line: Braided line is preferred for its low stretch and high strength.
• Leader: A 15-20 foot leader made of 200-300 lb fluorocarbon or single strand wire.
• Hooks: Circle hooks are highly recommended for their ability to hook sharks in the corner of the mouth, minimizing injury. Sizes 16/0 to 20/0 are common.
• Swivels: Heavy-duty swivels to prevent line twist.
• Fighting Belt/Harness: Essential for stand-up fighting, distributing the strain across your body.

REI Expert Advice offers a comprehensive guide to saltwater fishing tackle here. Remember to inspect your tackle thoroughly before each trip for any signs of wear or damage.

Bait and Techniques for Attracting Makos

Choosing the right makos bait and tackle is critical. Makos are opportunistic feeders, but certain baits consistently prove effective. Here are some top choices:

• Bluefish: A highly oily and fragrant bait that attracts sharks from a distance.
• Bonito: Another oily fish that works well, especially when chunked.
• Spanish Mackerel: Similar to bonito, offering a strong scent trail.
• Tuna: Larger tuna chunks can attract big makos.

Chumming and Scent Trails

Chumming is a vital technique for creating a scent trail that draws sharks to your boat. Use a chum bag filled with chopped bait and deploy it upcurrent. Consider using a chum slick line – a line with pre-tied chum bags spaced along its length – to create a longer, more consistent scent trail. The USDA Forest Service provides information on responsible boating practices, including waste disposal, which is important when chumming here.

Top Locations for Mako Shark Fishing

While makos can be found in various locations, certain areas consistently produce excellent fishing opportunities:

• California: Southern California, particularly around Catalina Island and offshore banks, is a popular mako destination. California shark fishing is heavily regulated, so be sure to check the latest regulations.
• Florida: The Gulf Stream off the coast of Florida, especially during the warmer months, is prime mako habitat. Florida shark fishing regulations 2022 (and subsequent years) are enforced by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) here.
• North Carolina: The Outer Banks offer access to productive mako fishing grounds.
• Massachusetts: Stellwagen Bank is known for its mako shark population.

Navigating Shark Fishing Regulations

Shark fishing is heavily regulated to ensure the sustainability of these populations. Regulations vary significantly by state and even by region within a state. It’s your responsibility as an angler to be fully aware of and comply with all applicable laws. Key regulations often include:

• Permits: Some states require specific permits for shark fishing.
• Size Limits: Minimum and maximum size limits may be in place.
• Bag Limits: Restrictions on the number of sharks you can keep.
• Species Restrictions: Certain species may be prohibited from harvest.
• Gear Restrictions: Regulations on hook types, leader length, and other gear.
• Reporting Requirements: Some states require anglers to report their shark catches.

Always check the latest regulations from the relevant state fisheries agency before heading out. Ignoring these regulations can result in hefty fines and other penalties.

Responsible Shark Fishing and Conservation

As apex predators, sharks play a vital role in maintaining the health of marine ecosystems. Responsible angling practices are crucial for their conservation. Here are some key principles:

• Circle Hooks: Use circle hooks to minimize injury to the shark.
• Quick Fights: Land the shark as quickly as possible to reduce stress.
• Handle with Care: If you intend to release the shark, handle it with care, minimizing contact with its skin.
• Cut the Line if Necessary: If the shark is deeply hooked and cannot be safely released, cut the line as close to the hook as possible.
• Avoid Finning: Finning – the practice of removing a shark’s fins and discarding the body – is illegal and unethical.

The Leave No Trace Center for Outdoor Ethics provides valuable guidance on minimizing your impact on the environment here. Practicing responsible angling ensures that future generations can enjoy the thrill of fishing for mako sharks.

Safety Considerations

Fishing mako shark is inherently dangerous. Here are some essential safety precautions:

• Experienced Crew: Fish with an experienced crew who are familiar with shark fishing techniques and safety procedures.
• First Aid Kit: Carry a comprehensive first aid kit, including supplies for treating shark bites.
• Communication: Have reliable communication equipment, such as a VHF radio or satellite phone.
• Weather Awareness: Monitor the weather forecast and avoid fishing in hazardous conditions.
• Shark Awareness: Be aware of your surroundings and potential shark hazards.

Remember, a mako shark is a powerful animal. Treat it with respect and prioritize safety at all times.

This guide provides a solid foundation for your mako shark fishing adventures. With careful planning, the right tackle, and a commitment to responsible angling, you can experience the unforgettable thrill of catching mako sharks while contributing to the conservation of these magnificent creatures.